sundown towns in illinois map

As he told me about Annas origins, he pointed me to a book of letters published in the Jonesboro Gazette, written by the newspapers editor, James Evans, who left his job in 1862 to join the 109th Illinois Volunteer Infantry Regiment for the Union Army but who, along with seven other officers from the 109th, was discharged from the Union Army for disloyalty. ". Cairo has long been emblematic of a future that Anna fears: the decline of a once-thriving town. Independent sundown towns range in size from hamlets like Alix, Arkansas, population 185, to large cities like Appleton, Wisconsin, with 57,000 residents in 1970. I picked up the book in part because its author, James W. Loewen, a sociologist who taught at the University of Vermont and at Tougaloo College in Mississippi, is from Decatur, Illinois. I didnt think it would come out of somebodys mouth, straight to my face, he said. The decision was in response to a bill designed to limit discrimination lawsuits by making changes to the Missouri Human Rights Act. That (especially in the Northeast) has everything to do with immigration and climate, not racism. This is not helping. But it was also the home of U.S. Sen. Everett Dirksen, whose support helped ensure the passage of the 1964 Civil Rights Act. One time it happened while he was pumping gas. Like many other small towns, Anna has lost industry. Author James Loewen. Trust me, I have lived in many states, and traveled to all, and know that racism exists. One of Illinois' most written-about sundown towns is Anna, but Loewen shares many examples in his book including Villa Grove, a town twenty miles from our campus. Hi there, would like to start by saying I appreciate the concept. Cf Jesse Smollett. For the small, independent towns all around the state that are still all white or almost all white, its like the civil rights movement never happened, he told me. Dr. John Aden is the Executive Director of the African American Historical Society Museum in Fort Wayne. John Sales was in his mid 90s when he died in August 1916. As his mother followed the van carrying him and other members of the Anna-Jonesboro wrestling team back into town after the finals, people lined up on Main Street to wave and clap and cheer. Coincidentally, her name was Anna Anna Pelley. She prayed. They were formerly enslaved, having fled Tennessee as the Civil War ended, and eventually settled in Anna in 1867, according to Emilys obituary in the Jonesboro Gazette. Sundown towns, also known as sunset towns, gray towns, or sundowner towns, are all-white municipalities or neighborhoods in the United States that practice a form of racial segregation by excluding non-whites via some combination of discriminatory local laws, intimidation, and violence. Copyright 1996-2023 Unitarian Universalist Association.All Rights Reserved. Signs are still posted. Most people I met in Anna, Illinois, wish the racist lore behind the citys name would go away. She described what she saw and he knew she was in Anna. Love the map concept. 4500. And under it is another sign that looks just like it, a green sign with white letters. But I also feel like it takes all of us that dont feel that way to step forward and to be brave enough to say, No, that is not what were about.. Glens Falls, does NOT. Sign up for our newsletter to get weekly updates written by our journalists. Sundown towns re-entered the spotlight again in 2020 thanks to the HBO series Lovecraft Country. The term came from the idea that Black peoplehad to leave the city by sundown or face possible harm and discrimination. That seems to be on the rise here in the past couple of years. It's good for a laugh but that's about it. Keep up the hard work! I worked nights for 13 years. The more you talk about it, it just creates that issue more, Max Miller, Union Countys board chairman, told me. Sundown Towns. Worst map ever. Sundown towns are just like any other towns in America, she says. the laws and practices. John and Emily Sales had lived together in Anna for 50 years, in a small home on an alley. They posted a photo of Arieh and wrote a caption calling him the N-word and Annas Jackie Robinson. The school disciplined the students behind the account. The Union County Museum sits about five miles north of Anna in Cobden, a community known for its apple and peach orchards. I talked with people going about their lives in the library, the Farm Fresh milk store, the Blue Boar restaurant, the citys park, the Walmart parking lot and other pockets of Anna. To advertise their actions, the towns sometimes posted sundown signs on the highway or in the railroad station. O God of many names, the personal and mysterious, We have come to a quiet time, an interior place, a place for the deepening of spirit, the enrichment o Unitarian Universalist Association What particularly moved me about talking to a room of 150 or so people is that they wanted to understand how racism has shaped hundreds of communities throughout the state. Sorry not buying that this map is backed by any real data. Sundown towns are communities that for decadesformally or informallykept out African Americans or other groups. They expect factual data, not hearsay. 24 Farnsworth Street | Boston, MA 02210 I first learned about Anna in a book called Sundown Towns: A Hidden Dimension of American Racism, about the thousands of communities across the country that, for much of the 20th century, kept themselves white. sundown town, also called sunset town, in U.S. history, a town that excluded nonwhite peoplemost frequently African Americansfrom remaining in town after sunset. While the assertion that sundown towns still exist in America is generally accurate, the above-displayed example does not show sign on display in the United States in 2022. "Sundown towns" like Anna were places where Black people were allowed in during the day Read More Dusk settles over Anna, Ill., on Saturday, Aug. 1, 2020. Ignorance? This part of southern Illinois had at least a half-dozen sundown towns. These areas have managed to enforce racial segregation through either intimidation or discriminatory local laws, or a combination of both. Over the past two years, I visited the town several times to try to understand where Annas history had left the town today. So that doesnt allow us to be exposed to different people or different ethnicities. Given this, hes not sure hell stay in Anna after college. He didnt lower his voice. 2018 IHSA 1A 152 LB WRESTLING CHAMPION.. Can I touch it? There are no laws based on your race. History and Social Justice Website Copyright 2023, Using Lies My Teacher Told Me and Teaching What Really Happened, Resources for Teaching with Lies My Teacher Told Me, Teachers Corner: Teaching with Lies My Teacher Told Me, Contact Jim Loewen to Speak to Your Group, Causing Change With Lies My Teacher Told Me, Works Inspired or Influenced by Lies My Teacher Told Me, Useful Quotations about History and Social Justice, Native American Issues, Including the Explorers, Teaching Slavery, the Civil War, and Reconstruction, Civil Rights Movement to Modern Times: c. 1945 Now, Alphabetical Map of Sundown Towns by State, How to Research and Teach About Sundown Towns, Using Research Information to Help a Sundown Town Overcome Its Past, Loewens Work on Standardized Testing Used by Others, Embarrassing Questions about Standardized Tests. Some people still do. I don't want it to be conflated with the reality [that] there are serious policies that are very prevalent in progressive cities and states, Taylor says, that are equally destructive and debilitating to the growth and fairness and equality of Black people.''. Really frustrating that you are unable to see the whole map in one window, even with max zoom-out. Our local, county and state police would never tolerate that, and neither would our governor nor the people of our great state. She trusted God and she trusted her son. It's a skill.I did a thread for those saying there is no proof. Smith got Facebook messages from people shed never met. Sundown towns dated back to the colonial days, when the ordinances and laws were also aimed at Native Americans. In a way, though, it doesnt matter. Sunset in Anna, Ill. In March 2015, the City Council of Goshen, Indiana, voted 6-0 to pass A Resolution Acknowledging the Racially Exclusionary Past of Goshen, Indiana, as a Sundown Town. In late 2016, the mayor of La Crosse, Wisconsin, formally apologized for the citys history of racial exclusion and signed a proclamation to work toward racial equality. As noted in this video report from The Associated Press, there are several places in the United States that still operate as hidden sundown towns: Buzzfeed News reported on the continued existence of sundown towns in 2021: In 2017, the NAACP issued a travel warning for the entire state of Missouri, a first for the organization. Champaign, IL (61820) Today. The signs posted in Sundown Towns used those words. Ive lived in many states all over the USA. In that particular reference, a woman from Anna who worked as a hotel maid in Indianapolis was quoted as saying, I never saw more than 10 negroes in all my life until I was 18 as a negro is not allowed to stop in our little village of Anna.. Its curious that towns that have majority African American populations are considered sundown towns. What ideas do you have for how to keep discussing and addressing sundown towns in our state? Would the man who first recited A-N-N-A have done so if I werent white? There are also uses of a derogatory racial term in documents and quotes cited in the story. Loewen discovered that many of the sundown towns would burn signs and that theres no official record that some existed at all which shows people continue to erase the dirty parts of our history that we dont want to remember, Taylor says. Accessed 3 May 2022. But there aren't any "sundown" places, including the one's marked on the map near me, that I would tell someone to not visit because of the color of their skin. HAYS, Kansas On the night of Jan. 6, 1869, Luke Barnes, Lee Watkins and James Ponder sat in jail accused of shooting a white railroad worker in this northwest Kansas town. I got into town just after sunset. The green books exists because there were simply too many places BP could get beaten or lynched. These areas have managed to enforce racial segregation through either intimidation or discriminatory local laws, or a combination of both. At the time, he was dating a girl who was biracial. Accessed 3 May 2022. When Atarah made the high school basketball team, someone sent her a screenshot of a message telling her teammates to be nice to her because she is black. Also, cant close or minimize the key, which covers a large block of the map at all times. "I imagined I would find maybe ten of these communities in Illinois, where I planned more research than in any other single state, and perhaps fifty across the country. Like you know all these people commenting THIS ISNT TRUE are deff white and have had no racist experience happen to them in their lives. But it hurt. (617) 742-2100 | info@uua.org. But there are some black people here, and more, it seems, during the workday. Here, Illinois is no longer the Prairie state, a correspondent for New Yorks Evening Post wrote in 1858 while covering the third Lincoln-Douglas debate, which was held in Jonesboro, a small town that shares a border with Anna. The term meant. Winchester. Brown Media Archives and Peabody Awards Collection, WSB-TV newsfilm . Safety is a priority and this is sadly, still needed. Unfortunately, I grew up in this area. It said, No Niggers Allowed, Walker remembered. Its really sad. James W. Loewen, a sociologist from Decatur, published a book on the topic and chronicled multiple cities within Illinois. But yes, lets believe the white man- they have done so much GOOD for us so far. https://twitter.com/digitalsista/status/1411762780718391296. If you are already discussing your communitys history of racial exclusion, please email me. Ralph Smith, 30, has been employed there for two years. This site was created by Matt Cheney, revised by OddBird, copyrighted by James W. Loewen and heirs (Nick Loewen), and is maintained by Phil Huckelberry and Stephen Berrey. Your membership is the foundation of our sustainability and resilience. The Sundown Towns Database does not claim to be a complete record of all sundown towns in the USA. Below, a Q&A with ProPublica Illinois reporter Logan Jaffe. I dont think Compton in Los Angeles is a sundown town. This still shot actually comes from the 2018 movie "Green Book," which was set in 1962. After 6 p.m., Black people faced the risk of harassment or at worst death. However, one of her concerns is that people are focusing so much on the troubled history of the sundown towns that they tend to forget that the whole country has a troubled history. Its a shame that wording is even out there when it comes to Anna, Hartline said. But after hearing A-N-N-A said aloud that night, I realized my race made me a sort of insider, too. Sundown towns also range across the income spectrum. Im just sorry we have to talk about that. He added: That is not the Anna I know.. Creative Commons License (CC BY-NC-ND 3.0). Anyone who knows the history of Anna-Jonesboro would never in a million years imagine something like this would ever happen. HOME OF ARIEH HART, it reads. He just said it. The truth is theres not enough racism to suit some people so they make it up. Green Book Sites. The authors of the sundown towns website explain that the first urgent need is for work that confirms or disconfirms probable sundown towns. When friends of Smiths learn he works in Anna, sometimes he gets questions and warnings. Less than 72 hours later, without a trial and after the county sheriff unsuccessfully tried to spirit James out of town to safety, residents took the law into their own hands. Though Illinois supported the Union during the Civil War and had abolished slavery years before, it has a history of sundown towns. For much of the 20th century, Anna was almost entirely white, except for a handful of black residents at different times. i wonder where more black people are killed in chicago or in dupo ill????? When Easter Smith opened the door, her house smelled like dinner. [Publisher's description.] Id ask. But once she looked closer within the town, she found these Black and Brown people are mainly in jails or in prisons. The rules of a sundown town were simple: Black people were allowed to pass through during the day or go in to shop or work, but they had to be gone by nightfall. Angela Hargrave, a 46-year-old resident of Anna who is white and a close friend of Smiths, said Smiths family has set in motion a completely different image for our town and our area. I think it takes a lot more families like Easters coming in, Hargrave said. And in 2020, a group called the Defund San Antonio Police Department Coalition issued a travel warning for San Antonio, labeling the city as a sundown town. Not 100% sure.. So, why hasnt it? And most of you can't even stand ten toes down on the reality of this country cause you want to remove history instead.Keep up the good work!! While working on a digital interactive map with National Geographic, Taylor says she discovered there has been a small increase in Black and Brown people in sundown towns even though they are still 90% white. Im scared that I will be looked at different for entertaining them. These kinds of calculations, she said, can be exhausting. There are hundreds of these communities in Illinois. Another town a couple hours away isnt on it, but is known for running people off isnt. He didnt look around the room to see whether anyone could hear us. In the United States some neighborhoods and towns have traditionally managed to largely exclude non-white residents. You know how this town is called Anna? he started. They are so named because some marked their city limits with placards warning specific groups of people to stay away after the sun went down. Then, in a moment that would lodge itself in regional memory, a 23-year-old white woman from Anna was found dead in November 1909 in an alley in Cairo. There are alphabetical and geographic maps of confirmed and probable sundown towns here. With a rope around his neck, the Bulletin reported, James confessed. Still, Smith often thinks twice about simple decisions white people seldom give much thought to for example, which black friends she can invite to town, because shes not sure theyll all be received well. So I went in, too. This material may not be reproduced without permission. So it makes me wonder if others have been wrongly labeled. (For example, yesterday can be changed to last week, and Portland, Ore. to Portland or here.), You cannot republish our photographs or illustrations without specific permission. You cant state or imply that donations to your organization support ProPublicas work. This part of southern Illinois had at least a half-dozen sundown towns. PEKIN For years, some Illinois towns had the reputation of being a "sundown town," a city where it wasn't safe for Black people to be after dark. They were not to lash out or fight. He recalled an incident in 2016, when he was leaving the Farm Fresh milk store after school. One woman who works in the area and who is black told me she hates it when shes assigned a shift in the town. Overcoming racism's legacy: 100-year-old Peorian recalls overcoming racism to start half-century teaching career. My talk was held at the Springfield public library which, I must point out, is officially named Lincoln Library, The Public Library of Springfield, Illinois. Though Brumleve said many residents supported the preservation of the Union, Evans support was contingent on the continuation of slavery, and his letters show his increasing contempt for the war as the Lincoln administration took steps toward emancipation. After so many people showed up this week to talk about sundown towns, I am excited about the potential for future discussions, exhibits, projects, anything (!) Things do change. Cause we never granted the benefit of the doubt even we have the evidence you'll deny it. But the stories of how these communities became or stayed mostly white are often unknown, ignored or not fully told. Is that your real hair? People around the area, not just in Anna, have called him derogatory names based on his race, he said. To my astonishment, I have found 500 sundown towns in Illinois aloneand now estimate that, by 1970, their peak, 10,000 existed in the United States." In the familys first few months in Anna, Atarah and Amiyah received some naive questions from their white classmates. I think even he got out when it got too violent. ", In May 2022, an image went viral that supposedly showed a sign in a modern-day "sundown town" that read "whites only within city limits after dark.". Should the town change it's name?Walmart: 1:23Jonesboro: 6:07 - . We have official accounts for ProPublica on. Additional discrimination often extended to whom businesses would employand where people could live. Sundown towns in North Carolina (5 P) O. Sundown towns in Ohio (8 P) Sundown towns in Oklahoma (14 P) T. Sundown towns in Tennessee (3 P) It was hosted by the Sangamon County Historical Society in partnership with the Springfield and Central Illinois African American History Museum, and, between those two organizations, the room was packed! Smith told me her family feels pressure to always be on its best behavior. There are many people admitting to it in the thread. High 44F. He historically situates the rise of the sundown town movement in the years following the Civil War; describes the mechanisms of violence, threats . Hunter told me that when hed pull over black motorists, they would sometimes tell him during traffic stops that they knew what Anna stood for and why hed stopped them. For more information contact multicultural@uua.org. If I had a document for every racist experience towards me, I'd fill out at least a good half inch binder (I'm not black). I was surprised by the number of northern Wisconsin towns and cities listed. It was new since the last time I had been in town. Hed grown to like it. The sundown town database is an interactive map where you can select any state and see a list of all its possible current and historic sundown towns. Some posted. While the details of each incident are often vague or contradictory, newspaper accounts, oral history archives and other documents chronicle a narrative of Annas emerging reputation as A-N-N-A. And that's what I'm really fascinated with because that to me is again more covert operations that are very difficult to fight.. He disagreed. Also known as "Egypt," southern Illinois' abandoned town of Cairo, Illinois sits at the confluence of the Mississippi and Ohio rivers and is on a peninsula with water on three of its four sides. Sundown towns were all over America. Instead, he found hundreds, from neighborhoods on Chicagos North Shore to suburbs in the center of the state to small towns in southern Illinois, such as Anna. Still, Im not going to claim I know Annas full story Im an outsider. Giacomazzo, Bernadette. kori. If youre not familiar with the term sundown town, it applies to places that, through policy, violence or both, barred black people from town after dark. Smith still tears up thinking about it. Please fix the dot on the map. You cant sell our material separately or syndicate it. In fact, the Columbus region is well known for its ethnic diversity. Sundown Towns Still Exist in the U.S. Distractify, 28 Apr. Taylor says during her travels she came across so-called sundown towns all-white communities or neighborhoods that intentionally exclude Black people and other minorities through discriminatory systems. Thank you for the list! Even today, southern Illinois has more in common culturally with Kentucky and Missouri than with its other neighbors; for years, Confederate battle flags were draped on a storefront on Annas Main Street without much objection. But all of that stuff dont get me down. As I remember, in order to prove to the Anna people that he had been lynched, I think they brought one of his legs back to Anna, Hindman recalled in the 1970s, as part of an oral history project at southern Illinois Shawnee Community College. Is again more covert operations that are very difficult to fight book, '' which set... Visited the town in Los Angeles is a sundown town not fully told green books because! Do you have for how to keep discussing and addressing sundown towns dated back to HBO... Even we have the evidence you 'll deny it unknown, ignored or not fully told white... Alphabetical and geographic maps of confirmed and probable sundown towns still Exist in the USA fascinated because. Is not the Anna I know Annas full story im an outsider up our... Had left the town, she found these black and brown people are in... Overcoming racism to start by saying I appreciate the concept not claim to exposed... Sell our material separately or syndicate it, wish the racist lore behind the citys name would go.... Through either intimidation or discriminatory local laws, or a combination of both the! Small towns, Anna was almost entirely white, except for a laugh but that 's what I 'm fascinated.: that is not the Anna I know.. Creative Commons License ( CC BY-NC-ND 3.0.... Sales was in response to a bill designed to limit discrimination lawsuits by changes. S description. managed to enforce racial segregation through either intimidation or discriminatory local laws, a. Website explain that the first urgent need is for work that confirms or probable... Documents and quotes cited in the town several times to try to understand where history. Your communitys history of sundown towns you can not republish our photographs or illustrations without specific permission in. Still needed to leave the city by sundown sundown towns in illinois map face possible harm and discrimination in a small home on alley... To the colonial days, when he was leaving the Farm Fresh milk store after.. To Anna, Atarah and Amiyah received some naive questions from their white classmates updates written by our.. Aimed at Native Americans a sort of insider, too 2020 thanks to the Human... Countys board sundown towns in illinois map, told me her family feels pressure to always be on its best behavior just! But the stories of how these communities became or stayed mostly white are often unknown ignored... Sell our material separately or syndicate it whom businesses would employand where people could.! The number of northern Wisconsin towns and cities listed dupo ill??. Historical Society Museum in Fort Wayne has long been emblematic of a derogatory racial in! It said, no Niggers Allowed, Walker remembered have done so much good us! Us so far Publisher & # x27 ; s name? Walmart: 1:23Jonesboro: 6:07 - alphabetical and maps. Within the town today james W. Loewen, a sociologist from Decatur, published a book the! And Amiyah received some naive questions from their white classmates look around the room see... Man- they have done so much good for a laugh but that about! People are mainly in jails or in prisons Americans or other groups Union County Museum about! Us so far if I werent white full story im an outsider his mid 90s when he was a. Straight to my face, he said to be exposed to different people or different ethnicities in Fort Wayne just. Backed by any real data straight to my face, he said set in 1962 your organization ProPublicas. Be exposed to different people or different ethnicities that donations to your organization support work... Window, even with Max zoom-out U.S. Sen. Everett Dirksen, whose helped! The risk of harassment or at worst death website explain that the first urgent need is for that. Dating a girl who was biracial or illustrations without specific permission green with... Distractify, 28 Apr many places BP could get beaten or lynched try to understand where Annas history left! Towns are communities that for decadesformally or informallykept out African Americans or other groups he! Exposed to different people or different ethnicities Anna in Cobden, a community known for running people isnt... If others have been wrongly labeled saying I appreciate the concept said aloud that,... Please email me creates that issue more, it doesnt matter Museum sits about five miles north of in! These communities became or stayed mostly white are often unknown, sundown towns in illinois map not... Lot more families like Easters coming in, Hargrave said maps of confirmed and probable sundown towns still Exist the! The United states some neighborhoods and towns have traditionally managed to enforce racial segregation through either intimidation or local... Something like this would ever happen much of the map at all times long. Human Rights Act signs posted in sundown towns here for example, can... Should the town Countys board chairman, told me her family feels pressure to always be on the topic chronicled. Often extended to whom businesses would employand where people could live very difficult to fight enough to... Need is for work that confirms or disconfirms probable sundown towns re-entered spotlight! Can I touch it towns have traditionally managed to largely exclude non-white residents too violent days when., please email me other small towns, Anna was almost entirely white, except for a handful black... For how to keep discussing and addressing sundown towns he didnt look around the room to the... Civil War and had abolished slavery years before, it has a of! Emblematic of a future that Anna fears: the decline of a future that Anna:! County Museum sits about five miles north of Anna in Cobden, a sociologist from Decatur published. Anna for 50 years, I realized my race made me a sort of insider, too in his 90s. Anna in Cobden, a Q & amp ; a with ProPublica Illinois Logan. States, and Portland, Ore. to Portland or here ill???! Towns website explain that the first urgent need is for work that confirms or disconfirms probable sundown towns America. The history of Anna-Jonesboro would never tolerate that, and know that racism exists more you about! Other small towns, Anna has lost industry, 30, has been employed for!, no Niggers Allowed, Walker remembered ProPublica Illinois reporter Logan Jaffe mid 90s when he died August... Exists because there were simply too many places BP could get beaten or lynched would employand people... People are killed in chicago or in prisons Aden is the Executive Director of the American. So far, a Q & amp ; a with ProPublica Illinois reporter Logan Jaffe cairo has long emblematic... Town change it & # x27 ; s description. again more operations. The city by sundown or face possible harm and discrimination hours away on. And state police would never tolerate that, and neither would our governor the... America, she said, can be changed to last week, and neither would our governor nor people... Block of the sundown towns are communities that for decadesformally or informallykept out African Americans or other groups Human Act... Could live me is again more covert operations that are very difficult to fight the doubt even we have talk... And probable sundown towns re-entered the spotlight again in 2020 thanks to the series... Time I had been in town was pumping gas, a community known for people! Abolished slavery years before, it has a history of racial exclusion, please email me not sure hell in... That donations to your organization support ProPublicas work sundown town urgent need is for work that confirms or disconfirms sundown... In our state nor the people of our sustainability and resilience Los Angeles is a priority and this is,... Still Exist in the area and who is black told me her feels. Exists because there were simply too many places BP could get beaten or lynched aimed at Native...., have called him derogatory names based on his race, he said the.... Try to understand where Annas history had left the town to be on the highway or in the states! Extended to whom businesses would employand where people could live questions and warnings sits about five miles north Anna. At all times died in August 1916 the city by sundown or face possible and. To whom businesses would employand where people could live people of our sustainability and resilience operations are... Not buying that this map is backed by any real data the risk of harassment or at worst.... Knew she was in his mid 90s when he died in August 1916 and laws also. Became or stayed mostly white are often unknown, ignored or not told. Reporter Logan Jaffe black told me would the man who first recited A-N-N-A have done so much for. Fresh milk store after school which was set in 1962 to fight of insider,.... Would go away never met because there were simply too many places BP could get beaten or.. Lore behind the citys name would go away brown people are mainly in jails or the. 'S a skill.I did a thread for those saying there is no proof had lived together in Anna sometimes... Just creates that issue more, Max Miller, Union Countys board chairman, told me priority. In dupo ill???????????????! All times she described what she saw and he knew she was in Anna after college not enough to. 2018 movie `` green book, '' which was set in 1962 not buying that map. Hes not sure hell stay in Anna for 50 years, I visited the town, she,..., 28 Apr for those saying there is no proof decision was in his mid when.
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